Hi,
I am confused with an example that is provided in 11.5. I have read this over several times to understand it and I think it's confusing because there is an error. In the first example, “dōu” is in the pinyin, but it is not in the characters for this sentence or in the auditory when played. Can you please check this for our understanding of this sentence and see if it needs a correction? I am pasting it below. Thank you very much!
The emotion expressed by 都 (dōu) “already” (e.g. anger, frustration, etc.) can usually be guessed by the context; in this case, it’s surprise.
Let’s compare another couple of examples:
会议已经结束了。
Huìyì yǐjīng dōu jiéshù le.
The meeting is already over.
会议都结束了吗?
Huìyì dōu jiéshù le ma?
The meeting is over already?
The first example simply states a fact: the meeting is over; whereas the second example shows an emotional response of disbelief to that fact.