More info on simple past tense please

Thanks so much for putting some past tense info here. So many programs stop once they've taught you present tense, which is crazy!! Anyway, because I haven't learned past tense yet, I really need some more information on that page please. When you put male/female in brackets after, is that because it's a male/female speaking or is it to be used with masculine/feminine objects? eg. voh pee = if we add the paani, which is dominant on the verb ending? Is it: voh paanee pee (ie. the female subject dominates) or voh paanee piyaa (where the masculine paani dominates?) It would be really helpful if you gave all the examples for all the verbs tenses so you can compare from one tense to another how it changes, especially since some (eg jaanaa) are irregular. eg. can we please have the following verbs listed in all three past tenses: peenaa dhekhnaa jaanaa Also, it would be great to include both a masculine and a feminine object in some examples so we can see how that changes the construction. (ie. your paani example is unclear - firstly it's a masculine noun ending in i which is quite rare, but also because it introduced a compound verb (pina + liya) - ie. to take a drink, which just confused me. Could we have examples with 'ate lunch' or 'bought a sari' or something easier? Also, I'm not clear why sometimes the third person references are oblique and sometimes nominative (ie. why us/un vs voh)? Why does peenaa have both as options, whereas dhekhnaa and jaanaa only have one. I believe the ne is somehow involved with this - is it because one tense is for transitive (eg. dhekhnaa implies seeing something) vs intransitive jaanaa ? Sorry for all the questions but I've been eagerly awaiting this topic and can't wait to get a proper handle on these tenses! Thanks so much. PJ

is tha or thi past tense as it used to happen or it was.

Hi PJ, In this post, I will try to explain past tense of verb to see. देखना - dekhnā- to see infinitve. It is regular verb root-देख(dekh) ending with consonant kha To form past tense take the root +ा aa for masculine singular root+े e for masculine plural, root + ी ī for fem. sing., root+ ीं ī (ī nasalized) fem.pl. देखा -dekhaa- m.sing. saw देखे -dekhe m.pl देखी -dekhī f.sing देखीं -dekhī (nasalized) f.pl Examples: मैं देखा maiM dhekhaa I saw (male) मैं देखी maiM dekhee I saw (female) उसने देखा / देखी usne dekhaa / dekhee He/She saw The rest of your questions, I will explain in the future posts. Namaste, John

Hi PJ, The verb root ends with a vowel: Examples: Infinitive : बताना bataanaa खाना khaanaa आना aanaa Verb Root: बता bataa खा khaa आ aa Masculine Singular:बताया bataayaa खाया khaayaa आया aayaa Masculine Plural: बताए bataae खाए khaae आए aae Feminine Singular: बताई bataaee खाई khaaee आई aaee Feminine Plural: बताईं bataaee(n) खाईं khaaee(n) आईं aaee(n) The word peenaa follow this rule. पीना pīnā infinitive to drink पी pī root पीया pīyā masculine singular पीए pīe masculine plural पीई pīī feminine singular पीईं pīī(n)feminine plural example: Ram drank राम पीया Ram pīyā. The irregular verb Jaanaa will be on the next post. John