How Long Does It Take To Learn Spanish

And let's face it: whether it be for an upcoming vacation in Barcelona or a business trip to Mexico City, you want to be fluent in Spanish as fast as possible.

Resources for further reading:

- The top ten hacks to fast-tracking your Spanish

- Spanish for beginners

So how long will it take to learn Spanish?

This is one of the first questions anyone interested in language learning asks, and unfortunately, there's no easy way to answer it. Learning a language is a complex process that is different for each individual based on several different factors. Let's take a look at these different factors and how they impact how fast you learn Spanish:

1. Your Previous Language Learning Experiences
2. The Language You Are Learning
3. How You Are Learning
4. The Time You Dedicate to Learning
5. Your Attitude
6. Your Motivation

1. Your Previous Language Learning Experiences

If you already speak a foreign language or were raised bilingual, you may save yourself some time as you learn Spanish. Bilinguals find it easier to learn a third language, as several linguistic studies have proven. This is because they are naturally more accustomed to being exposed to different languages. Fluency and skills in one language aid fluency and skills in another.

If you're not bilingual or multilingual, however, don't worry: even those Dora the Explorer episodes with your children or that year of Latin in high school was helpful.

One of the first steps to learning a language is learning a little bit about what makes up a language and the unique linguistic aspects of Spanish. If you have already experienced studying foreign grammar, memorizing vocabulary, listening to different sounds and looking at different letters, your mind knows what to expect when faced with a new language. There aren't as many surprises and language learning becomes easier and faster.

Just being exposed to different languages--especially when one of those languages is the language you wish to learn--can make language learning faster.

2. The Language You Are Learning

Even if Spanish looks "Greek" to you, many languages are actually more similar than they are different. Learning a language that is similar to your native language can save you time when learning the alphabet, pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary.

As a general rule, languages that have similar roots are easier and take less time to learn. For those of you whose native language is English, that means that any language with Latin roots will be easier for you to learn, and that includes Spanish.

Believe it or not, you already know some Spanish words even before you even start studying it. Almost all European languages share countless words with English thanks to their shared roots, history, and evolution. These words, known as cognates, make learning Spanish much easier for people who speak a language with similar roots. Words "error," "minuto," and "imposible," for example, have the same meaning as their English equivalents. They're just pronounced a little differently, of course. These cognates are your friends and can make your language learning much easier and faster.

Here's a handy list of 1001 Spanish words that you already know thanks to cognates.

3. How You Are Learning

Your learning methods also play an important role in how fast you learn Spanish. If your language learning is limited to a classroom setting, then it will probably take you a little longer to learn.

If, however, you also are exposed to Spanish outside of classes, then you can cut down the time needed to learn it. Reading, listening to the radio or eBooks, writing, speaking, watching movies, and travelling to a Spanish-speaking country can all help to speed up your learning process.

4. The Time You Dedicate to Learning

Naturally, how long it takes you to learn Spanish also depends on how much time you plan to dedicate to learning it daily, weekly, or monthly. Studies have proven that learners who are willing to dedicate an hour a day to language learning--whether that be by studying grammar, memorizing vocabulary, watching a movie, or reading a book--learn significantly faster than those who just attend a weekly class.

That's why online programs like Rocket Languages work so well for many language learners: they encourage frequent study and are easy to access on a daily basis. And that's also why full immersion is, by far, the fastest way to learn a language.

5. Your Attitude

Your attitude also plays a huge role in how fast you learn Spanish. If you approach language learning with a positive attitude and see it as a fun and fascinating opportunity to broaden your horizons (and sound like a native when you order a burrito), you'll be more open to learning. You'll be more motivated to study and learn as much as possible, and the entire process will be more enjoyable and, consequently, faster.

6. Your Motivation

It's no secret that staying motivated is key to learning a new language. There have been so many studies proving the importance of motivation in language learning. Staying motivated is the number one reason why many people have language success, and also the number one reason why some give up.

Remind yourself why you want to learn Spanish, how it will improve your life, and everything good that can come from learning it. This can help you to stay motivated and, therefore, speed up the time necessary to learn it.

Getting Down to Business: a Timeline

The complex interaction between all of these factors determines how long it takes you to learn Spanish.

But you don't just want to know all of the factors, do you? You want a timeline. You want numbers. You want to know just how long it will take you to learn Spanish.

Luckily for you, there are several studies that sought to tell us just that.

But first, a disclaimer: In many of these studies, language proficiency or fluency is the bar set to determine whether or not the language has been "learned." As you may know (and speaking from our personal experience), you don't necessarily need to be fluent to be able to speak a foreign language and to be comfortable interacting in that language. A low intermediate level can get you pretty far in the language world.

Keeping this in mind, it's important to take these studies with a grain of salt and remember that you can and will be able to interact in a foreign language long before you're fluent.

Guided Learning Hours

Realistic estimates in the field of linguistics have studied the number of hours really needed to learn a language like Spanish. The Common European Framework for Reference for Languages, for example, uses the "Guided Learning Hours" framework to measure the amount of classroom time total needed to reach a B2 (high intermediate) level. It assumes that for every one hour of classroom time, learners will spend two hours of independent study time. In the end, this equates to a total of between 1,000 and 1,200 hours.

Let's take a look at this in several different scenarios:

Scenario and the time needed to have an Intermediate Level of Spanish:

1. One 3-hour Spanish course per week for 8 weeks, plus a weekly homework assignment (1 hour), plus independent practice of any type (2 hours). 3 courses per year. You will need between 25-30 courses.

   At 3 courses per year, it may take you between 8.3-10 years to reach an intermediate level.

2. One year of Spanish language learning in school (4 hours per week + 2 hours of homework + 2 hours of independent practice X 12 weeks X 2 semesters).

   Between 5-6.25 years to reach an intermediate level.

3. Dedicated independent study (1 hour per day).

   Approximately 3 years to achieve an intermediate level of Spanish.

4. Total, active immersion (8 hours per day).

   Approximately 3 months to have an intermediate level of Spanish.

This calculation neglects so many factors, however, and still is an overestimate of how long it could take you to learn Spanish. That's where the next, more realistic study comes in.

The U.S. Foreign Service Institute Timeline

In their study, the Foreign Service Institute examined a group of native English speakers between the ages of 30 and 40 who were studying foreign languages at their institute. The students' resulting levels were measured using the Interagency Language Roundtable Scale with the goal being to calculate how long it took students to reach "General professional proficiency" or higher.

According to the FSI, the closer a language is to your native language, the faster you will learn that language. They divided their findings into five basic language groups based on the languages' similarity to English, which determined how long it took learners to reach general professional proficiency or higher.

Fortunately for Spanish learners, this language can be found within the first language group:

Language Group I:

• Languages Closely Related to English
• Afrikaans, Catalan, Danish, Dutch, Italian, Haitian Creole, French, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Swahili, Swedish
• Training required 23-24 Weeks (575-600 Hours)

Obviously, this is a much more comforting estimate, especially when compared to languages in Group V (like Chinese, Japanese and Arabic) that can take up to an estimated 88 weeks to learn.

It's important to note the conditions of the study, however. The students' schedule called for 25 hours of class per week plus 3 hours of daily independent study, and their classes were generally small, with no more than 6 students. In other words, these were almost ideal language-learning conditions, something that is important to keep in mind, since many of us don't have that kind of time to dedicate to language learning.

This study can be used to help you estimate how many hours it will take you to learn Spanish and calculate how many weeks--or months, or years--based on how much time you wish to dedicate per week.

Keep in mind, however, that the quality of your study is more important than the quantity. Immersion experiences or daily practice can significantly limit how long it takes for you to learn Spanish.

You can also take advantage of these 10 excellent Spanish hacks to help you cut down the time it takes for you to learn Spanish.

Don't be discouraged. You can and will learn Spanish faster than you expect. There are even cases (as the internet will surely tell you) of people who learn it in less than three months.

Now that you know how much time it takes to learn Spanish and which factors can help you achieve your goals faster, it’s also important to keep in mind that language learning is synonymous with practice. That means that reaching a certain level doesn’t guarantee that you will keep it for the rest of your life.

Taking care of your Spanish is like taking care of your pet: you have to feed it, cuddle it, and take it out for a walk every once in a while.

In the end, YOU decide how quickly you become fluent in a language and how good your skills remain. With the right attitude, dedication, situation, and motivation, any language is within your reach.