Spanish Verbs - Saber and Conocer
Strange Shades of Meaning
Saber and Conocer are two verbs in Spanish that can be easily confused when studying them for the first time since they can both be translated as 'to know'; knowing the difference between them will certainly help you to use them properly when you need to. You cannot expect to have a language that’s a literal one-on-one translation of another language. As a result, you find some Spanish words that seem to convey a million and one English meanings (such as the word llave, which can mean a key, a tap, or a wrench). Conversely, you are going to find many verbs in Spanish that have shades of meaning that don’t exist in English, such as ser and estar.
The verbs saber and conocer fall into the latter category. Both verbs mean “to know.” They are very, very useful in everyday life, but they are used in different contexts. If you understand which verb to use, you can also ask someone if he or she knows someone else, or even tell people, “I don’t know!”
Resources for further reading:
Which verb you use will depend on what is being known in your sentence.
Saber is used in the context of knowing information or ideas.
e.g., “Yo sé como cocinar.” I know how to cook.
Conocer is used in the context of knowing a person or a place.
e.g., “¿Conoces bien la ciudad?” Do you know the city well?
How to pronounce Spanish Verbs - Saber and Conocer
The present tense conjugations of the verbs can be seen in the following table. You will notice that both ‘yo’ forms are irregular in the present.
Saber - to know
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Yo sé
I know
Tú sabes
You know
Usted sabe
You (polite) know
Él sabe
He knows
Ella sabe
She knows
Nosotros sabemos
We (masc.) know
Nosotras sabemos
We (fem.) know
Vosotros sabéis
You (pl. masc.) know
Vosotras sabéis
You (pl. fem.) know
Ustedes saben
You (plural) know
Ellos saben
They (masc.) know
Ellas saben
They (fem.) know
Conocer - to know
Yo conozco
I know
Tú conoces
You know
Usted conoce
You (polite) know
Él conoce
He knows
Ella conoce
She knows
Nosotros conocemos
We (masc.) know
Nosotras conocemos
We (fem.) know
Vosotros conocéis
You (pl. masc.) know
Vosotras conocéis
You (pl. fem.) know
Ustedes conocen
You (plural) know
Ellos conocen
They (masc.) know
Ellas conocen
They (fem.) know
SABER: To Know Information or How to Do Something
Saber is used when the subject knows a piece of information or how to do a specific task. It can be translated as “to know” as well as “to know how.”
Por ejemplo (for example):
¿Sabes tú leer música?
Do you know how to read music?
Yo sé escribir en español.
I know how to write in Spanish.
Ellos saben jugar a las cartas.
They know how to play cards.
¡No sé!
I don't know!
CONOCER: To Know a Person, Place, or Thing
Conocer is used when the subject knows a particular person or place, as in, “Do you know where to go?” or “Do you know Jamie?”
It can also be used in the context of knowing a particular thing, such as, “I know this computer. I used to work on it before I switched desks,” or “I know that outfit! I almost bought it last week.”
Por ejemplo:
Ellos conocen el sitio donde van a tener el concierto.
They know the site where they're going to have the concert.
Conozco este modelo, como casi lo compré anteriormente.
I know this model, as I almost bought it previously.
No conozco al abuelo de Estefanía.
I don't know Stephanie's grandfather.
Notice that in the third example, the direct object is a person, which means that you should add the word “a” before “el abuelo.” Remember that a + el = al.
Knowing Places
The word conocer can be difficult to translate when you’re talking about places. For example, if someone asks you…
¿Conoces España?
…they usually want to know if you’ve been to Spain. If, on the other hand, they ask:
¿Conoces España bien?
…they want to know whether you are familiar with the country, i.e., whether you know it well.
Por ejemplo:
¿Conoces mi casa?
Do you know my house?
¿Conoces Nueva York? ¡Que chévere!
Do you know New York? How cool!
Check out more Spanish Verbs for useful info!
- Spanish Verbs Decir & Dar
- Spanish Verbs Pedir and Preguntar
- Spanish Verbs in the Present Tense and Conjugations
See you soon! ¡Hasta pronto!
Mauricio Evlampieff: Rocket Spanish
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